# CLAUDE.md

This file provides guidance to Claude Code (claude.ai/code) when working with code in this repository.

## Project Overview

Dreamwidth is a Perl-based journaling/blogging platform forked from LiveJournal. It runs on Apache mod_perl with MySQL, Memcached, and TheSchwartz job queue. All code must be GPL-licensed.

## Development Environment

Code is edited on the host, but **all commands must be run inside the devcontainer** (`.devcontainer/`). The devcontainer runs Ubuntu 22.04 with MySQL, Memcached, and Apache mod_perl. The workspace is mounted at `/workspaces/dreamwidth` (`$LJHOME`). Perl modules are pre-installed at `/opt/dreamwidth-extlib/lib/perl5` (`$PERL5LIB`).

### Container Management

Build and start the devcontainer from the repo root:

```bash
npx devcontainer up --workspace-folder .
```

Find the running container ID:

```bash
docker ps --format "{{.ID}} {{.Names}}"
```

Run commands inside the container (omit `-it` when not in a TTY, e.g. from Claude Code):

```bash
# Interactive shell
docker exec -it <container-id> bash

# Non-interactive command execution (use this from Claude Code)
docker exec <container-id> <command>
```

### Commands (run inside devcontainer)

```bash
# Run a single test
perl t/sometest.t

# Check code formatting (must pass before PR)
perl t/02-tidy.t

# Apply code formatting
perl extlib/bin/tidyall

# Check all modules compile (1472 subtests)
perl t/00-compile.t

# Compile static assets (CSS/JS)
bin/build-static.sh

# Restart Apache after code changes
apache2ctl restart
```

## Code Formatting

Enforced via Perl::Tidy (`.tidyallrc`): Unix line endings, 4-space continuation indent, 100-char line limit. Applies to `bin/`, `cgi-bin/`, `t/`, and worker scripts. Run `bin/tidyall` to auto-format; `t/02-tidy.t` validates in CI.

## Architecture

### Module Namespaces

- **`DW::*`** — Modern Dreamwidth code (controllers, auth, blob storage, templates)
- **`LJ::*`** — Legacy LiveJournal modules (still heavily used for core entities: users, entries, comments)
- **`Apache::*`** — mod_perl request handlers
- **`S2::*`** — S2 style/theming language compiler

### Key Directories

| Directory | Purpose |
|-----------|---------|
| `cgi-bin/` | Core Perl modules and CGI scripts (DW::*, LJ::*, handlers) |
| `views/` | Template Toolkit (.tt) templates for page rendering |
| `htdocs/` | Static assets (CSS, JS, images) and legacy BML pages |
| `styles/` | S2 style layer definitions (theming system) |
| `bin/` | CLI utilities, maintenance scripts, worker processes |
| `t/` | Test suite (139 test files) |
| `etc/` | Config templates and Docker configs |
| `api/` | REST API OpenAPI spec (YAML fragments built via Node.js) |
| `ext/` | Optional modules (dw-nonfree) |

### Request Flow

1. Apache mod_perl receives request → `Apache::*` handlers
2. `DW::Routing` dispatches to `DW::Controller::*` modules
3. Controllers use `DW::Controller` helpers (`controller()`, `needlogin()`, `error_ml()`, `success_ml()`)
4. Views rendered via `DW::Template` using Template Toolkit (`.tt` files in `views/`)
5. Legacy pages use BML (Block Markup Language) templates in `htdocs/`

### Core Entities

- **Users**: `LJ::User` (main class), `DW::User` (extensions)
- **Entries**: `LJ::Entry`, with `DW::Entry::*` extensions
- **Comments**: `LJ::Comment`
- **Communities**: `LJ::Community`

### Database

Multi-database MySQL architecture with cluster sharding (`dw_global`, `dw_cluster01+`). Uses `DBI` directly and `Data::ObjectDriver` as a lightweight ORM. Tests can use SQLite via `t/bin/initialize-db`.

### Storage Backends

Media/blob storage via `DW::BlobStore` with pluggable backends: S3, MogileFS, or local disk.

### Job Queue

Background processing via `DW::TaskQueue` with pluggable backends: SQS (`DW::TaskQueue::SQS`) or local disk (`DW::TaskQueue::LocalDisk`). Tasks are defined in `DW::Task::*`. Legacy jobs use TheSchwartz. Worker scripts in `bin/worker/`.

### Plack Server (development)

The codebase runs under both Apache/mod_perl and Plack/Starman. See **`doc/PLACK.md`** for full architecture details (middleware stack, routing, security notes, testing).

```bash
# Inside the devcontainer
perl bin/starman --port 8080
```

This runs a single-worker Starman instance. The Plack entry point is `app.psgi`. Plack-specific middleware lives in `cgi-bin/Plack/Middleware/DW/`. The `DW::Request` abstraction layer (`DW::Request::Plack`, `DW::Request::Apache2`) allows most code to work under both servers.

Key differences from Apache:
- `$r->uri` must return the path only (not full URL) — `DW::Request::Plack` handles this
- In the dev container, `$LJ::DOMAIN`, `$LJ::SITEROOT`, etc. are empty — URLs are built from the request Host header via `LJ::create_url()`
- BML pages render via `DW::BML` (Plack) instead of `Apache::BML` (mod_perl); both share the same BML engine internals

### Dev Container Config

The dev container (`$IS_DEV_SERVER && $IS_DEV_CONTAINER`) intentionally sets `$LJ::DOMAIN = ""`, `$LJ::SITEROOT = ""`, etc. in `LJ::Global::Defaults`. This means domain/redirect logic is skipped and URLs are constructed dynamically from request headers. Do not use `local` to override these globals in middleware — it leaks into downstream code.

## Git Workflow

**ABSOLUTE RULE — NEVER run `git commit` unless the user has explicitly asked you to commit in that moment.** Not after making changes. Not as part of a workflow. Not proactively. Not because the changes look ready. Not for any reason whatsoever. The ONLY acceptable trigger is the user saying words like "commit this" or "go ahead and commit". If in doubt, ASK. Violating this rule destroys trust. Follow the repository's existing commit message style. **NEVER amend commits unless explicitly instructed** — assume commits have already been pushed.

Always use `--no-gpg-sign` when committing, as GPG signing requires interactive passphrase entry which hangs in this environment.

### Before Pushing

Before pushing any branch, run these checks inside the devcontainer and fix any failures — CI runs them and the build fails if they don't pass, even for files you didn't touch:

1. `perl extlib/bin/tidyall -a` — auto-format all files
2. `perl t/02-tidy.t` — verify formatting passes
3. `perl t/00-compile.t` — verify all modules compile

## Pull Requests

PRs target `dreamwidth/dreamwidth`. If the working repo is a fork, use `--head <fork-owner>:<branch-name>` (check the `origin` remote to determine the fork owner).

PR body format:

```
<Technical description of the change — what code was modified and why, referencing specific
functions/files/mechanics as appropriate. This is for developers reviewing the PR.>

CODE TOUR: <Non-technical description for the Dreamwidth community. Explain what changed from a
user's perspective, skipping implementation details. Keep it conversational.>

Fixes #<issue-number>
```

## Troubleshooting

If the container startup fails (`postCreateCommand`), the container still exists. Check the error output, fix the issue, remove the container (`docker rm <id>`), and rebuild.